AKA: Eadweard The Elder, King Of The West Saxons
EDWARD I, the Elder (900-24 AD)
Son of Alfred the Great, Edward immediately succeeded his father to the throne. His main achievement was to use the military platform created by his father to bring back, under English control, the whole of the Danelaw, south of the Humber River.
133Edward the Elder (
Old English:
Ēadweard se Ieldra) (c. 870 – 17 July 924) was
King of England (899 – 924). He was the son of
Alfred the Great (Ælfrēd se Grēata) and Alfred's wife,
Ealhswith, and became King upon his father's death in 899.
He was king at a time when the Kingdom of
Wessex was becoming transformed into the
Kingdom of England. The title he normally used was "King of the Anglo-Saxons"; most authorities do regard him as a king of England, although the territory he ruled over was significantly smaller than the present borders of England.
Ætheling
Of the five children born to Alfred and Eahlswith who survived infancy, Edward was the second-born and the elder son. Edward's name was a new one among the West Saxon ruling family. His siblings were named for their father and other previous kings, but Edward was perhaps named for his maternal grandmother Eadburh, of Mercian origin and possibly a kinswoman of Mercian kings
Coenwulf and
Ceolwulf. Edward's birth cannot be certainly dated. His parents married in 868 and his eldest sibling
Æthelflæd was born soon afterwards as she was herself married in 883. Edward was probably born rather later, in the 870s, and probably between 874 and 877.
[1]Asser's Life of King Alfred reports that Edward was educated at court together with his youngest sister
Ælfthryth. His second sister, Æthelgifu, was intended for a life in religion from an early age, perhaps due to ill health, and was later abbess of Shaftesbury. The youngest sibling, Æthelweard, was educated at a court school where he learned Latin, which suggests that he too was intended for a religious life. Edward and Ælfthryth, however, while they learned Old English, received a courtly education, and Asser refers to their taking part in the "pursuits of this present life which are appropriate to the nobility".
[2]The first appearance of Edward, called filius regis, the king's son in the sources is in 892, in a charter granting land at North Newnton, near
Pewsey in
Wiltshire, to
ealdorman Æthelhelm, where he is called filius regis, the king's son.
[3] Although he was the reigning king's elder son, Edward was not certain to succeed his father. Until the 890s, the obvious heirs to the throne were Edward's cousins
Æthelwold and Æthelhelm, sons of
Æthelred, Alfred's older brother and predecessor as king. Æthelwold and Æthelhelm were around ten years older than Edward. Æthelhelm disappears from view in the 890s, seemingly dead, but a charter probably from that decade shows Æthelwold witnessing before Edward, and the order of witnesses is generally believed to relate to their status.
[4] As well as his greater age and experience, Æthelwold may have had another advantage over Edward where the succession was concerned. While Alfred's wife Eahlswith is never described as queen and was never crowned, Æthelwold and Æthelhelm's mother Wulfthryth was called queen.
[5]